AZERTAC presents an interview with Pakistani expert Fatima Tuz Zehra, Editor-in-Chief of The Gulf Observer (an international English-language online publication featuring analytical articles, interviews, and opinions on global politics, economics, energy, and international relations — ed.) and President of The Gulf Observer Research Forum, on Azerbaijan–Kazakhstan relations.

- Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan have recently reaffirmed their allied partnership. How do you assess the current state of relations between the two countries?

- The relationship between Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan has reached a remarkably mature and strategic level. The recent meeting in Baku between Kazakh Foreign Minister Yermek Kosherbayev and President Ilham Aliyev reflects a deep-rooted partnership grounded in trust, shared interests, and a long-term vision for regional integration.

- What role have high-level visits played in strengthening bilateral ties?

- High-level diplomacy has been instrumental. Visits such as President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev’s trip to Baku and President Ilham Aliyev’s visit to Astana have significantly elevated relations. These engagements ensure continuity, reinforce political will, and translate vision into actionable cooperation frameworks.

- Trade between the two countries has grown significantly. What does this indicate?

- The fivefold increase in trade, reaching $470.7 million in 2025, is a clear indicator of expanding economic synergy. It shows that both nations are not only politically aligned but are also building a robust economic corridor that supports sustainable growth and diversification.

- How important is the Trans-Caspian International Transport Route (Middle Corridor) for regional connectivity?

- The Middle Corridor is a transformative initiative. It positions Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan as vital connectors between Asia and Europe. Cargo volumes increasing from 0.8 to 4.5 million tons demonstrate its growing relevance, and its future capacity will further redefine Eurasian trade dynamics.

- What are your views on joint infrastructure and investment projects between the two countries?

- These projects are the backbone of bilateral cooperation. Initiatives like the Baku Grain Terminal, the Aktau logistics center, and the $300 million Direct Investment Fund illustrate a forward-looking partnership. They not only strengthen bilateral ties but also open avenues for joint ventures in third countries.

- Energy cooperation appears to be a key pillar. Could you please elaborate?

- Absolutely. Energy cooperation is central, particularly with the green energy agreement involving Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan. The planned transmission of renewable energy via the Caspian Sea will enhance energy security, diversify export routes, and position the region as a supplier of sustainable energy to Europe.

- How significant is digital connectivity in Azerbaijan-Kazakhstan relations?

Fatima Tuz Zehra: Digital connectivity is emerging as a strategic frontier. The fiber-optic cable project across the Caspian seabed will create a digital corridor linking Europe and China. This initiative will boost data exchange, telecommunications, and digital economies across the region.

- What role do multilateral organizations play in strengthening cooperation?

- Both countries actively collaborate within international organizations, which enhances their diplomatic coordination and amplifies their voices on global platforms. This cooperation contributes significantly to regional stability and collective security.

- Cultural and people-to-people exchanges are also highlighted. How important are these?

- Cultural diplomacy is essential for sustaining long-term partnerships. Increased exchanges in education, tourism, and culture foster mutual understanding and strengthen the human dimension of bilateral relations, which is often the most enduring aspect of diplomacy.

- What is your perspective on the broader geopolitical importance of Azerbaijan-Kazakhstan cooperation?

- Their partnership is pivotal for Eurasian stability. By collaborating on transport, energy, and infrastructure, both nations are contributing to a more interconnected and resilient region. Their cooperation also supports peace initiatives and regional integration efforts.

- How do you view the role of leadership in advancing this partnership?

- Leadership has been decisive. The mutual respect and strategic vision demonstrated by Presidents Aliyev and Tokayev have accelerated progress. Their commitment ensures that bilateral relations continue to evolve with purpose and direction.

- What future prospects do you foresee for Azerbaijan-Kazakhstan relations?

- The future is exceptionally promising. With expanding trade targets, growing infrastructure projects, and deepening strategic alignment, Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan are set to become even more influential players in regional and global affairs. Their partnership will likely serve as a model for cooperative development in Eurasia.

In her conversation with AZERTAC News Agency, Fatima Tuz Zehra underscored that Azerbaijan–Kazakhstan relations are entering a new era of strategic depth, driven by strong leadership, expanding economic ties, and a shared vision for regional connectivity and sustainable growth.